Introduction
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Fertilization is a process in which pollen is transferred in the reproduction of plants, thereby enabling fertilization and sexual reproduction.
It is a process by which two gametes fused to become a zygote, which develops into a new organism. The resultant zygote is diploid (it has two sets of chromosomes). In cross-fertilization, the two gametes come from two different individual organisms. In self-fertilization, the gametes come from the same individual. Fertilization includes the union of the cytoplasm of the gametes (called plasmogamy) followed by the union of the nuclei of the two gametes (called karyogamy).
- Androecium-Male sex organ
- It consists of filament and anther which produces the pollen grains.
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Gynoecium - Female sex organ
The gynoecium consists of the stigma, style and ovary containing one or more ovules. These three structures are often termed a pistil or carpel. 