HTS
High throughput screening
Hybridisation
Binding of two single stranded nucleic acid strands by complementary base pairing.
in vitro
Experiment performed in a test tube/laboratory apparatus
in vivo
in a living organism

Lab-on-the-chip
Microfabricated system for performing biochemical assays such as e.g. capillary electrophoresis, probe preparation, PCR reactions (microfluidics-based chips)

LCM
Laser Capture Microdissection conceived and first developed as a prototype research tool at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). LCM was developed into a commercial laboratory instrument by Arcturus Engineering, Inc. and the NIH.

Linkage
Tendency for some parental alleles to be inherited together (opp. Mendel's law).

Linkage disequilibrium
Describes a condition in which certain alleles at two linked loci are nonrandomly associated with each other. This might be either because of very close physical proximity or because the combination is under some kind of selective pressure.
LNA
Locked nucleic acid; a novel class of nucleic acid analogues. LNA monomers are bicyclic compounds that are structurally similar to RNA nucleosides; the term LNA refers to the observation that the furanose ring conformation is restricted in LNA by a methylene linker that connects the 2'O position to the 4'-C position. Therefore, all nucleic acids that contain one or more LNA modifications are called LNA. Duplexes formed with either DNA or RNA have a very high thermal stability (approximately 3°C to 8°C per modified base higher).

Locus
Position on a chromosome that is occupied by a particular gene

MAGE
MAGE antigens are a family of closely related proteins, which are typical of human melanoma cells and are used for cancer immunotherapy treatment. They can be used for the simultaneous identification of the presence or absence of MAGE's antigens.

MAML
Microarray Markup Language - adopted from "XML, Extensible Markup Language" - that provides a framework for describing experiments done on all kinds of DNA arrays. For more information please refer to http://www.mged.org, which is the homepage of the Microarray Gene Expression Data Society. The MGED is an international organisation for facilitating the sharing of microarray data. Standards for microarray data annotation and representation are to be established.

Manual spotting system
Microarrays can also be produced by manually spotting biomolecules onto glass slides. The total number of samples is however smaller than that spotted by an automated system. In addition, the pitch between adjacent features is greater than in an automated array (usual pitch 0.5 - 1.0 mm)

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